- The Chera or Konga country is one of the 56 geophysical divisions called desams of Greater India or Bharatavarsham. It is the first and foremost of the five desams – Chera, Chola, Pandya, Tondai and Nadu. The frontiers of the region correspond to the western and eastern ghats to the west and east. This area almost totally falls under the lower Kaveri catchment basin where the rivers Bhavani, Kanchi (Noyyal), Anporunai (Amaravathi), Thirumanimutharu, Sarabanga and Karaipottanar debouch into the great river.
The borders include:
- North – The Nilgiris, Talamalais, Biligiri Rangans, Kaveri, Malai Mahadeswaran Hills, Perumbalai – Toppur Ghat and Shevaroys
- East – Shevaroys, Koodumalai, Kolli Hills, Talaimalai, Karaipottanar embankment – Madukkarai Wall
- West – Attapadis, Vellingiris, the river Walayar, Kambalathurai Aliyar and the Anamalais
- South – Anamalais, Palani Hills, Ambathurai and Sirumalai
The ministers of the Chera king presided over 24 subdivisions or Naadus with Kaangaya Naadu being one among them. The Pattagar ministers preserved and nurtured royal strains of cattle which tremendously aided in the building of our most ancient yet miracle of our sustainable nation. The Sarkarai Mandradiars of Palayakottai who were conferred the title of Uthamakamida were involved in selective breeding of the cattle of Kaangaya Naadu right from the time of the last Pandya kings.
A modern map of Chera Kongadesam – the number three province being Kangaya Nadu:


After the collapse of the Pandyas after the Malik Kafur interregnum , the Pattagars joined the Vijayanagara Dore’s confederacy against Turkish invaders through the Madurai Nayakkars. After the defeat and reduction of the confederacy, they opted for the security of the the Mysore Wodeyar Doregalu. The Pattagars, loyal to the Doregalu, remained faithful to the throne through the Haidar Ali -Tippu Sultan chaos. In 1799, the British East India Company held the Coimbatore district after the young monarch ceded it and Salem, the whole of Kongadesam.
The Deeksha Guru who bestows the Pattabhishekam for the Pattagar belongs to the Nathakadayur Chidambareswara Swami Matam founded by a Chidambaram Deekshithar:

The antique copy of the ancient Copperplate manuscript awarded by the Pandyans to the Pattagars in Oriental Manuscript Library, Chennai:
Palayakottai Pattagar History (Palmleaf Manuscript):
http://eap.bl.uk/database/overview_item.a4d?catId=178445;r=26962
Book: பழையகோட்டை மரபு (புலவர் ராசு) in pdf:

His Highness Maharaja Sri Sir. Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar Bahadur, Maharaja of Mysore, GCB, GCSI and head of the Amrit Mahal Breeding station, Mysore (18 July 1919 – 23 September 1974) during his royal visit along with the erstwhile Pattagar N.S.S.Mandradiar and President-to-be R. Venkatraman.




Sri Rajkumar Mandradiar, the current heir along with Srimati Jayashree Mandradiar shows keen interest in continuing the legacy of cattle up-gradation and conservation. During the last three Pattagars, the Hosur Livestock Farm, an ex situ centre for breeding programmes is being supplied with stud bulls and corpus.


